To ensure that their patients are secure, comfortable, and pain-free throughout surgery, anaesthesiologists use a range of drugs in their practise. They might be anything from modest sedatives for quick procedures to powerful inhalational gases and muscle relaxants for more involved or lengthy surgery. An analgesic is a substance that reduces pain. Based on how each type of drug functions to complete this task, this class of medication can be categorised into a vast array of various groups. Anaesthesiologists frequently provide the following medications:

Acetaminophen can be administered orally as a tablet or intravenously as an injection. It is frequently combined with narcotic analgesics like hydrocodone in the post-operative situation.

NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Ketorolac, an NSAID, are occasionally used by anaesthesiologists to treat post-operative pain. Both intravenous and intramuscular injections are used to give it. Because it may rise the risk of bleeding after various procedures, this family of analgesics is not as frequently utilised in the operating room.

Narcotics: This group of painkillers is particularly effective. These medications can be given via IV, oral, or transdermal delivery, among other delivery methods. Narcotics including morphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, meperidine, and oxycodone are among those that are often used. These medications are given intraoperatively and postoperatively by anaesthesiologists to assist reduce pain. These medications can decrease the drive to breathe; therefore it's crucial that a patient is closely watched while receiving them.

Anxiolytics are drugs that serve to calm the body and lessen or eliminate anxiety. They can be used to put people to sleep when given in larger quantities. They could also result in anterograde amnesia, which is a temporary loss of memory that usually lasts a few hours and occurs after the patient takes a medicine. To calm a patient down before going into surgery, these drugs are typically administered preoperatively. For this purpose, anaesthesiologists frequently administer midazolam by IV injection. Prior to a procedure, midazolam can be administered orally as a liquid or nasally as a spray to children.

Local anaesthetics are drugs that stop the impulses from travelling through the nerves that transmit pain signals. They are also frequently referred to as "numbing agents." Local anaesthetics can be injected or sprayed in a small area to numb a specific area, or they can be administered adjacent to important nerves to numb an entire limb. For procedures involving the insertion of a camera, such as ear, nose, and throat office procedures or upper gastrointestinal endoscopies, benzocaine spray or lidocaine ointment may be used to numb the mouth and throat. The injections of lidocaine, mepivicaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine are frequently used for regional anaesthetic or at surgical sites.

The most popular IV general anaesthetic is propofol. When used in smaller doses, it causes sleep while still allowing the patient to breathe normally. Along with anxiolytics and analgesics, anaesthesiologists frequently use it to sedate patients. Propofol is a strong respiratory depressant that can be used to produce unconsciousness for intubation and other surgical operations when administered at larger doses.

Anesthetics and Anesthesiology is an open access, Peer- reviewed Journal which will be dedicated to submission of manuscripts in the field of anaesthesia practice, airway management, anaesthetic administration, preoperative & postoperative considerations, pain management, Sedation, Invasive hypo sedation.

Authors can submit manuscripts through mail Id: anesthesiology@scholarsresjournal.com

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Journal of Anesthetics and Anesthesiology.