Veterinary pharmacology and toxicology are being increasingly recognized as important disciplines and were also rapidly changing and evolving in the mid-twentieth century. By the mid-1950s, pharmacology and toxicology were a highly active area of veterinary medicine; veterinary pharmacology and toxicology emerged as new disciplines, closely related, because they were involved in developing new compound, particularly new antimicrobials and antiparasitics to control infection diseases, and analgesic/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs affecting different animal species. The research and development cost of new antimicrobials that must fulfil the new regulatory requirements is considered high; in drug development projects, toxicology closely linked with pharmacology and pharmacokinetics is decisive in the success or failure of a new drug candidate.

Pharmacokinetics (PK) is the study of the characteristics of the time course and extent of drug exposure in individuals and populations and deals with the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. PK is defined as the mathematical description of temporal changes in concentration of drugs within the body; such studies provide the experimental basis for drug dosage regimens in various animal species.

Bioequivalence is a clinical term referring to formulations of a drug with rates and extents of absorption that are sufficiently similar that there are not likely to be any clinically important differences with respect to either efficacy or safety. In order to demonstrate bioequivalence for systemically active drugs, a comparative PK study is generally undertaken and the similarity (defined by statistical and biological criteria) of Cmax (maximum concentration) and AUC (area under curve) of the formulations is assessed. For drugs not acting systemically, comparisons of clinical or other pharmacological endpoints may be necessary.

Our journal of Scientific Journal of Veterinary Advances is great platform for the all the researchers who are in the field of veterinary including pathology, microbiology, parasitology, physiology, pharmacology, veterinary medicine.

You can submit your related manuscript to the https://www.sjournals.org/scientific-journal-of-veterinary-advances.html for publication in any type of research work as original papers, review article, and short communication.