Pericardial effusion is the accumulation of extra fluid with inside the area across the coronary heart. If an excessive amount of fluid builds up, it may position strain at the coronary heart. This prevents it from pumping normally. 

A fibrous sac known as the pericardium surrounds the coronary heart. This sac includes two thin layers. Normally, there may be a small quantity of fluid among them. The fluid reduces friction among the two layers as they rub against each other during each heartbeat. In a few cases, greater fluid can build up among those layers main to a pericardial effusion. 

A little fluid won’t purpose lots of a problem. But if an excessive amount of fluid builds up, it may make it difficult for the coronary heart to make bigger normally. This circumstance is known as cardiac tamponade. It typically calls for emergency treatment. Because the coronary heart cannot make bigger normally, much less blood can input the coronary heart from the body. This can lessen the quantity of oxygenated blood going out to the body. But not all pericardial effusions cause cardiac tamponade.

In a few cases, pericardial effusion develops quickly. This is referred to as acute pericardial effusion. Other times, the fluid builds up slowly. This is referred to as sub-acute pericardial effusion. Chronic pericardial effusion takes place while cardiac effusion occurs extra than as soon as overtime.

Acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, and cardiac tamponade should be considered in patients presenting with chest pain that have suspected or proven coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinicians should broaden their differential diagnoses when evaluating these patients and use ultrasound early to help guide the diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment will likely prevent complications associated with acute pericarditis.

As more information is gathered in relation to COVID-19, the medical community will have a better understanding of the numerous clinical manifestations of the disease. For now, we must take into account various presentations, common and uncommon, related through case reports such as the present one and many others.

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With Regards,
Jessica Lopez
Journal of Cardiac and Pulmonary Rehabilitation