Chondro-osteoma

Chondro-osteoma
Osteochondromas are a relatively common imaging finding, accounting for 10-15% of all bone tumors and approximately 35% of all benign bone tumors. Although usually thought of as a benign bone tumor, they may be thought of as a developmental anomaly. They are frequently asymptomatic and have very low malignant potential if sporadic and solitary.
Epidemiology
Osteochondromas develop during childhood (period of most rapid skeletal growth), but once formed remain for the rest of the individual's life. They can present at any age and are most frequently found incidentally.
They are usually sporadic, but can be part of:
- hereditary multiple exostoses (HME): also known as diaphyseal aclasis
- Trevor disease: also known as dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica
Malignant transformation occurs in the cartilage cap, and is uncommon in sporadic solitary osteochondromas (~1%), whereas in the setting of hereditary multiple exostoses the rate is much higher (5-25%)
Osteochondromas are considered a chondroid neoplasm and are primarily a part of the growth plate which separates and continues growing independently, without an associated epiphysis, usually away from the nearby joint. The medullary cavity is continuous with the parent bone, and hyaline cartilage caps them. Osteochondromas can be congenital or occur as a result of previous trauma to the growth plate, including previous irradiation.
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Regards,
Stella
Editorial Team
Journal of Orthopedic Oncology